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  • 0x0 题目详情
  • 0x1 解题思路
  • 0x2 代码实现
  • 0x3 课后总结

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  1. arrays
  2. 二分法

162-Find-Peak-Element

0x0 题目详情

峰值元素是指其值大于左右相邻值的元素。 给定一个输入数组 nums,其中 nums[i] ≠ nums[i+1],找到峰值元素并返回其索引。 数组可能包含多个峰值,在这种情况下,返回任何一个峰值所在位置即可。 你可以假设 nums[-1] = nums[n] = -∞。 说明: 你的解法应该是 O(logN) 时间复杂度的。

测试用例:

示例 1: 输入: nums = [1,2,3,1] 输出: 2 解释: 3 是峰值元素,你的函数应该返回其索引 2。 示例 2: 输入: nums = [1,2,1,3,5,6,4] 输出: 1 或 5 解释: 你的函数可以返回索引 1,其峰值元素为 2;或者返回索引 5, 其峰值元素为 6。

0x1 解题思路

这道题O(n)方法是简单的,当然也不是这道题的本意。 这道题的关键条件时假设 nums[-1] = nums[n] = -∞。并且相邻元素是不相同的。只要数组中出现了一对相邻数组且二者存在大小关系。那么峰值是一直存在的。 如果nums[i]< nums[i+1],那么如果有nums[i+2]< nums[i+1],nums[i+1]就是峰值,如果nums[i+2]> nums[i+1],那么峰值肯定在有半侧,因为最右侧有个负无穷兜底。即右侧是单调递增的,那么最后一个一个元素就峰值。左侧同理。所以就实现了二分法。

二分法:收缩左区间还是右区间的规则: 为了方便获取mid+1的值,这里区间采用左闭右闭的方法

  • 放弃左区间:nums[mid]< nums[mid+1],left=mid+1

  • 放弃右区间:nums[mid]> nums[mid+1],right=mid

0x2 代码实现

class Solution {
    public int findPeakElement(int[] nums) {
        if(nums==null || nums.length==0){
            return 0;
        }
        int mid=0;
        int left=0;
        int right=nums.length-1;
        while(left<right){
            mid=left+(right-left)/2;
            if(nums[mid]<nums[mid+1]){
                left=mid+1;
            }else{
                right=mid;
            }
        }
        return left;
    }
}

0x3 课后总结

这题是二分法我是真没想出来能这么用。那两个条件我看不出任何的隐含意思。。怎么说呢,因为左右两端都为服务穷,所以可以认为对于右半区间,上坡必有坡顶。对于左半区间,下坡也必有坡顶。

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